English
With the continuous expansion of the scale of animal husbandry production and operation and the continuous improvement of the degree of intensification, a large number of livestock and poultry products are produced, and a large number of odorous substances are also emitted, such as hydrogen sulfide, ammonia, volatile fatty acids, etc., which are mixed together to emit an unpleasant odor. It seriously harms the health of livestock and poultry, reduces the disease resistance of livestock and poultry, and hinders the performance of production; it also harms the health of people, especially breeders; its release into the atmosphere may also form acid rain and pollute the environment. Therefore, how to effectively control the odor of farms is an urgent problem to ensure the sustainable development of animal husbandry.
Ammonia (NH3) is a colorless gas with a pungent odor, produced by the decomposition of organic matter such as livestock excrement, feed, and bedding. Low concentrations of ammonia are irritating to the skin and mucous membranes, and are often easily dissolved in the respiratory mucosa and conjunctiva of livestock, causing congestion and edema of the mucosa, and causing conjunctivitis, bronchitis, pneumonia, and pulmonary edema. Excessive ammonia concentrations can reduce and damage the resistance or disease resistance of poultry, induce the occurrence of some diseases, and make it more difficult to treat the disease. The ammonia content in poultry should not exceed 10-30ppm.
Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is a colorless, foul-smelling toxic gas. Hydrogen sulfide in the house comes from the decomposition of sulfur-containing organic matter. When poultry eat high-protein feed without sufficient digestion, a large amount of hydrogen sulfide can be produced and discharged, which not only reduces productivity, but also affects the health of poultry, directly causing or inducing respiratory system and conjunctival diseases. The long-term presence of low-concentration hydrogen sulfide can cause chronic poisoning. High-concentration hydrogen sulfide is an extremely strong neurotoxin that can directly cause the inhibition of the respiratory center and suffocate poultry to death.
Carbon dioxide (CO2) is a colorless, odorless, sour gas. The carbon dioxide content in the atmosphere is about 0.03-0.04%. The increase in carbon dioxide content in the environment is due to the respiration of poultry. The carbon dioxide content in a well-ventilated environment is 0.06-0.18%, and the concentration in a poorly ventilated environment can reach 0.3-0.5%. Carbon dioxide itself is non-toxic and harmless, but excessive content can cause hypoxia in the body, resulting in physical weakness, decreased appetite, mental atrophy, decreased weight gain, and increased morbidity in poultry.
The standard range of oxygen content in the chicken house should be between 19.5% and 23.5%. Keeping it within this range can provide a good living environment for the chickens. When the oxygen content is lower than 19.5%, the chicken's respiratory system will be affected and even cause suffocation. When the oxygen content exceeds 23.5%, it will have an adverse effect on the metabolism of the chicken, and in extreme cases it may cause poisoning or even death.
The right temperature is a key factor in ensuring the health and egg production of poultry. Generally speaking, the temperature for raising chickens should be between 20℃ and 26℃. When the temperature is below 20℃, the chicken's digestive system will slow down, affecting its weight and egg production. If the temperature is above 26℃, the chicken will experience symptoms such as thirst and shortness of breath, which will affect its appetite and egg production.
The right humidity helps keep the chicken's digestive system healthy and avoid the spread of diseases. According to experience, the humidity for raising chickens should be between 50% and 70%. If the humidity is too low, the chicken will feel thirsty, which will affect its appetite and egg production; if the humidity is too high, bacteria will easily grow in the chicken house, causing various diseases and even death.
Use fixed gas detectors, mounted on the wall in high-risk areas, to provide instant notification via audible/visual alarms if the concentration of a gas exceeds normal safety thresholds, reducing the hazard by turning on exhaust fans. In addition, for those who need to spot check specific areas of the poultry farm or need to travel to different facilities, portable ammonia detectors are an ideal solution, which can measure NH3 concentrations in real time and provide long-term data storage and audible alarm indication.
